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Employment law updates – FED

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Employment law updates

The By Lawyers Employment Law publication has been reviewed by our author, experienced solicitor Brad Petley, an accredited specialist in workplace relations, so you can be confident our content is up to date.

Important employment law updates and enhancements have been made to the commentary, including:

Offsetting rules for casual loading payments

The WorkPac Pty Ltd v Skene [2018] FCAFC 131 decision concerning casual loading led to the Commonwealth government amending the Fair Work Regulations. Regulation 2.03A of the Fair Work Regulations 2009 (Cth) provides that, in certain circumstances, employers may offset an employee’s casual loading payments against the employee’s entitlements under the National Employment Standards (NES).

Casual conversion

Casual conversion generally refers to the right of an employee who has been employed on a regular and systematic basis for a period of 6 months or 12 months, depending on the modern award that applies, to convert their employment from a casual basis to permanent full time or part time. This right is not currently in all modern awards and therefore does not apply to all casual workers. That position may change after the federal election, so By Lawyers will continue to monitor the position and update the commentary again if required.

Flexible working arrangements

All modern awards include a model term that facilitates flexible working arrangements. The model term imposes additional obligations on employers, in addition to those in the NES, in relation to managing and responding to flexible working requests.

Annual leave

Under the NES, annual leave is calculated at the employee’s base rate of pay for their ordinary hours of work. Unless an applicable award, enterprise agreement or contract of employment provides otherwise, annual leave does not include any overtime rates, penalties or other allowances that an employee would have been paid if they had worked during that period.

Unpaid family and domestic violence leave

All full-time, part-time and casual employees are entitled to five days unpaid family and domestic violence leave. This applies for each 12-month period of service. The leave does not accumulate.  The notice and evidence requirements of s 107 of the Fair Work Act 2009 apply. The commentary discusses these requirements.

Workplace bullying

Reasonable management action carried out in a reasonable manner is not considered workplace bullying. The commentary provides a relevant link to s 789FD(2) of the Fair Work Act.

Modern slavery laws

Modern slavery describes human trafficking, slavery and slavery-like practices, like forced labour and forced marriage.

The Modern Slavery Act 2018 (Cth) requires Australian entities and foreign entities carrying on business within Australia with consolidated revenue of $100M, to submit Modern Slavery Statements every 12 months. This needs to include an entity’s structure, operations and supply chains as well as the potential modern slavery risks, plus actions taken to address those risks including due diligence and remediation processes.

By Lawyers keeps you up to date

Because we are committed to keeping our content up to date, employment law updates are provided at least annually and whenever there are significant developments in the area. Our authors and editorial team constantly monitor all of our publications.

By Lawyers keeps you up to date!

Criminal & Traffic Law – Finalisation letters – NSW

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Enhancements to finalisation letters

The finalisation letters in the By Lawyers Criminal and Traffic Guides (NSW) have been enhanced.

The finalisation letters now cover all sentencing outcomes, including Community Correction Orders.

There are now separate finalisation letters in the Traffic guide for drink driving offences, which include an Interlock order as a sentencing outcome, and for general offences, which do not include the Interlock outcome.

In both guides there is now also a separate letter dealing with deferral of sentence under s 11 Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999.

Feedback regarding By Lawyers content

This enhancement was completed as a response to client feedback. At By Lawyers we love to receive feedback from our subscribers and we really appreciate busy practitioners taking the time to let us know what they need from our content.

We are always available via email: askus@bylawyers.com.au.

For LEAP users with By Lawyers as a companion product, there are two additional ways to provide feedback:

  • When in a LEAP matter, in the top right hand corner of the screen there is a blue question mark icon. Clicking on it reveals a drop-down box for the LEAP Community pages – one of these is ‘Help, support and feedback’. There is also a By Lawyers tab on the LEAP Community page which provides helpful information about using By Lawyers content.
  • When using any precedent in LEAP there is  a ‘Provide Feedback’ button in the ribbon at the top of the document, next to ‘Save to matter as PDF’. This opens to a feedback form, where any issues or suggestions regarding the precedent can be provided. Where such feedback relates to a By Lawyers precedent, LEAP send it on to us and we will always address it promptly, directly with the user.

By Lawyers have often introduced new precedents or enhanced our commentaries as a result of subscriber suggestions. Whenever we see a need for the suggested additions or amendments we are happy to oblige, so as to benefit not only the firm that made the request but all of our other users as well. Sometimes our subscribers will not only identify an issue, such as a new precedent that might be needed, but they will also provide us with the resolution – a precedent they have developed themselves and are happy for us to publish for the assistance of others. The law is, after all, a noble profession and helping each other in a collegiate way is one of the hallmarks of being a lawyer.

Our mission at By Lawyers is to help our subscribers enjoy practice more. Responding to feedback is one of the ways we do it.

Mortgages – inaccurate certification – QLD, NSW, SA, VIC, WA

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Case law update – mortgages – inaccurate certification by ELNO subscriber

In the recent case of Perebo Pty Ltd v Wayville Residential Investments Pty Ltd & Ors [2019] SASC 35, the South Australian Supreme Court considered the effect of an inaccurate certification made by the mortgagee’s solicitor upon lodgment of a mortgage. The mortgage was held to be enforceable despite the solicitor for the mortgagee inaccurately certifying that the mortgagee held a copy of the mortgage granted by the mortgagor.

The Registrar General in each state is entitled to rely upon the certification of a subscriber to an Electronic Lodgement Network Operator (ELNO) that a mortgagee holds a mortgage granted by the mortgagor in the same terms as the instrument that is lodged. However where there is inaccurate certification, the instrument registered pursuant to the certification is not necessarily invalidated merely by that fact. The instrument will of course be invalidated if it is fraudulent, or falls within one of the other exceptions to indefeasibility.

However, while the mortgage might not be invalid, by giving an inaccurate certification, the mortgagee, or the mortgagee’s representative such as a solicitor, may face disciplinary action from the applicable regulator, or the risk of being suspended or terminated as a subscriber to the ELNO.

The By Lawyers Mortgages commentaries have been updated to include a summary of this case and a link to the full decision.

Motor vehicle accidents – NSW

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The By Lawyers NSW Motor vehicle accidents publication has been reviewed by our author, experienced solicitor Kim Rickards, an accredited specialist in personal injury law.

This publication contains two separate guides, covering the two different statutory schemes for motor vehicle accidents which occurred before, or on and after, 1 December 2017.

Accidents prior to 1 December 2017

Claims arising from motor vehicle accidents which occurred prior to 1 December 2017 are governed by and made under the Motor Accidents Compensation Act 1999 (MACA).

Recent decisions which have considered MACA and the operation of the scheme have been added to this commentary. These include IAG Limited T/as NRMA Insurance v Khaled [2019] NSWSC 320  and IAG Limited t/as NRMA Insurance v Qianxia Lou [2019] NSWSC 382.

The main issue in these cases was whether an assessor had properly considered, under the SIRA guidelines, whether to issue a certificate under s 92(1)(b) of MACA that the matter was not suitable for assessment by the Claims Assessment and Resolution Service (CARS). The issue of such a certificate is required before the applicant can commence court proceedings for a claim.

Accidents on or after 1 December 2017

Claims arising from motor vehicle accidents which occurred on or after 1 December 2017 are governed by and made under the Motor Accident Injuries Act 2017.

Enhancements to this commentary have been made in a number of areas including Costs and Common law claims, including the very practical suggestion that the insurer be requested to concede that the threshold of 10% whole person impairment is overcome, so as to permit prompt commencement of a common law claim where fault exists on the part of another driver.

 

Wills commentary – VIC

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The By Lawyers Wills commentary in our Victorian Wills publication  has been updated with the following recent cases:

The discussion of costs in the commentary has also been updated in line with The Practitioner Remuneration Order, revised as at 1 January 2019.

The Land Tax section in the commentary has also been updated with regard to:-

  • Administration may be deemed by SRO to have been completed in many circumstances even where the land has not been distributed/transferred to beneficiaries – LTX Trust Form 18 Deceased estate – which relates to both commencement and completion of administration
  • All transferees of residential property in Victoria must complete a Digital Duties Online form purchaser statement.

We are grateful for the assistance of Roz Curnow, our learned Victorian Wills & Estates author, with these commentary updates.

By Lawyers UK!

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By Lawyers is very proud to announce the successful launch of our Legal Guides and Precedents in the United Kingdom.

Practitioners in England and Wales are now able to access 20 comprehensive legal practice guides written by lawyers, for lawyers:

  • Practice management
  • Sale of land
  • Purchase of land
  • Mortgages
  • Commercial leases
  • Residential leases
  • Sale of business & franchise
  • Purchase of business & franchise
  • Partnerships
  • Joint ventures
  • Criminal law
  • Divorce
  • Financial settlement
  • Private children proceedings
  • Nuptial agreements
  • Domestic violence
  • Conducting a matter generally
  • Estates
  • Wills
  • Powers of attorney and advance decisions

The guides each include a detailed matter plan, practical commentary and over 1200 integrated precedents.

By Lawyers is excited to be taking our highly regarded Australian product to the world. We also wish to assure our Australian clients that it will be very much business as usual at home for our Australian editorial and publishing teams. Our Australian team will continue to ensure that our Australian publications expand and improve – and remain always up to date, of course.

For more information on By Lawyers in England and Wales visit bylawyers.co.uk
By Lawyers UK launch

By Lawyers UK launch 2 April 2019. From left: John Espley, Angus Dawson, Christina Grzasko, Bobbi Young, Craig Delaney, Julie Hulyer, Guy Dawson, Danni Larney, Maria Parker and Claudia Francois.

Workers Compensation guide – NSW

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The By Lawyers Workers Compensation guide has received an extensive author review. The matter plan has been amended in accordance with the commentary updates. This reflects recent amendments to the Workers Compensation Act 1987. New precedents have also been added.

The following are excerpts from the updated commentary in our NSW Workers Compensation guide:

Interaction with the Motor Accident Injuries Act 2017

For clients who have suffered injuries which require significant ongoing treatment into the future, or who have an established entitlement to payment of ongoing weekly income benefits, the value of ongoing and future benefits must be considered and explained to the client so that instructions to finalise the MAIA claim and therefore finalise all future workers compensation benefits are given on a fully informed basis. The advice given and the instructions received must be fully recorded in a file note and the client required to sign a written authority to settle on that basis.

There is a precedent Authority to settle available on the matter plan.

Entitlement to weekly benefits

The extent of any entitlement to weekly benefits is assessed with regard to the capacity of the injured worker to undertake some form of employment and is reviewed by a twenty-eight-day cycle. This entitlement to weekly benefits cannot be regarded as fixed and final until retirement age even where the worker has suffered a serious injury.

An injured worker is required to provide to the insurer a Certificate of Capacity from the treating doctor. This certificate is required to contain the opinion of the doctor about work capacity even where work which is stated to be within the capacity of the injured worker is not available.

The insurer is not required to accept the treating doctor’s opinion and may adopt the opinion of its own doctor.

The insurer is required to make a Work Capacity Decision based upon available, proper information.

Precedent letters to the client’s treating and specialist doctors, requesting the doctor’s opinion about work capacity, are available on the matter plan.

Costs disclosure – Increase of legal rates during a matter

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Increase of legal rates during a matter

All By Lawyers Costs Agreements and Client Service Agreements have been updated to include a clause notifying a client that legal rates may increase during the course of a matter requiring a revision of the costs estimate provided. This clause provides for 30 days written notice of any proposed changes to legal rates. While such a clause is not required by Legal Profession legislation concerning costs disclosure requirements, providing such notice on initial costs disclosure is considered best practice.

All of our Guides contain Costs Agreements (Client Service Agreements for QLD Guides) within the folder ‘A. Getting the mater underway’. All of our agreements are compliant with the relevant Legal Profession legislation and are reviewed and updated regularly to ensure compliance.

Leases – Exercising option to renew

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Leases – Exercising option to renew

The commentary within all By Lawyers Leases Publications and 1001 Conveyancing Answers Reference manuals have been updated to include reference to the New South Wales Supreme Court decision in Kegran Pty Ltd v Warrik Pty Ltd [2018] NSWSC 1357.

The court ordered the specific performance of an option to renew, after the lessor challenged the exercise of the option on the basis that the notice was not properly served by the lessee.

Notice of renewal was given by the lessee to the lessor by way of email, although the option to renew clause in the lease did not identify email as a valid method of service.

The court held that the language of the notice provisions was ‘facultative and not mandatory’, and that the lessee has validly exercised the option to renew by the email. The court stated that the notice provisions were not to be strictly applied to the exclusion of all other methods of service.

The decision in this case highlights that whether a lessee has validly exercised an option for renewal can depend on the interpretation of the terms of the lease when read as a whole.

Judicial registrars in the Magistrates’ Court – VIC

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Some recent legislative amendments have expanded the categories of criminal offences which can be dealt with by judicial registrars in the Magistrates’ Court of Victoria.

The offence of Improper Use of a Motor Vehicle has now been added to the list of offences which can be dealt with by a judicial registrar rather than a magistrate.

All traffic offences commence in the Magistrates Court and most traffic offences remain there, as only a relatively few traffic offences such as culpable driving and dangerous driving causing death are serious enough to be dealt with on indictment.

Some criminal offences, including some traffic offences can be dealt with in the Magistrates’ Court by a judicial registrar – see Rule 6(ea) of the Magistrates’ Court (Judicial Registrars) Rules 2015 for a full list of these. This now includes Improper Use of a Motor Vehicle. One of the ways in which that offence can be committed is to drive a motor vehicle in a manner which causes the motor vehicle to undergo loss of traction by one or more of the motor vehicle’s wheels. The maximum penalty for the offence is 5 penalty units.

The Full Commentary in the By Lawyers Victorian Magistrates’ Court – Criminal publication has been updated accordingly.

The commentary also includes, in the Overview, an explanation of the nature and value of ‘penalty units’.

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